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Science Advisors to Minnesota Public Utilities Commission
(1996) |
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“Stray voltage is the difference in voltage measured between two surfaces that may be
contacted simultaneously by a person or animal (typically less than 10 volts).
Sources of AC stray voltage are neutral-to-earth voltages resulting from normal
current flow on a resistive neutral system. Stray voltage may be enhanced by poor
electrical connections, deteriorated insulation, or faulty equipment. Sources of DC
stray voltage are cathodic protection systems, telephone systems, DC power lines,
and electrochemical reactions occurring at the surface of buried metals. Stray
voltage on a farm can exist between two metal objects, between a metal object
and the ground, or between two points on the ground. When an animal contacts these
two points, it provides a conducting path for current to flow.” |
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